Wace, N. Assessment of dispersal of plant species - the car-borne flora in Canberra. Proc Ecological Society Australia 10 (1979) pages 167 - 186, 2 references . Symposium on exotic species in Australia, their establishment and success.

There are about 5 million cars and 1.2 million trucks, buses and 4WD vehicles in Australia but their contribution to the spread of weeds has never been systematically assessed either in Australia or overseas. The paper describes a 2 and a half year project in Canberra which made botanical analysis of car-wash sludge. Further work on commercially washed cars indicates that it is merely a cosmetic operation and mostly undertaken on cars that are not driven far from sealed roads. There has been some apprehension about the possible spread of noxious plants by cars and some attempts to exclude vehicles from uninfested areas. The large number of seedlings in the car-wash flora and the range of species involved indicates that limiting vehicle access is unlikely to be successful unless all vehicles are excluded from uninfested areas. Normal car washing does not remove mud and debris under the vehicles. Through steam cleaning may be the most effective measure to ensure that used cars from overseas do not bring in noxious weeds and the species bought in should be studied.

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Walters-B
Record 27 of 57 - H&E:HERA (Australia's heritage)
TI: Feral horses in the alps: report of a workshop, Howmans Gap, Victoria, 12-14 October, 1992
AU: Walters-B; Hallam-M
SO: Canberra, Australian Alps Liaison Committee, 1993 : 64p
PY: 1993
DT: Report-;
AB: Interest in feral horse ecology, the impacts of horses on conservation values, and their management has increased during the 1980s. The objectives of this workshop were to determine the research and monitoring requirements to assist in making future management decisions, to produce a summary of feral horse ecology and their environmental impacts, and to identify gaps in information. Recommendations included development of an action plan from a study of feral horse demography and impacts to vegetation communities and environment of the alpine national parks. In association with data collection, consultation and education programs should be developed. (Au, RM)
IB: 0730625923
LO: Australian Alps
MR: SI5516 ; SJ5503 ; SJ5506 ; SJ5507
CC: 1103 ; 1100 ; 1110
DEMJ: Feral-animals; Horses-; Environmental-impact; Alpine-areas; National-parks;
INP: RM/VCNR
DN: B940140

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Watson, A.E., Niccolucci, M.J. and Williams, D.R. Hikers and recreational stock users: predicting and managing recreation conflicts in three wildernesses. Research paper INT / Nov 1993. (468) 35 p. Includes references.

CAB Subject: recreation management. CAB Subject: national forests. CAB Subject national parks. CAB Subject: visitors. CAB Subject: horses. CAB Subject: wilderness. CAB Subject: hiking. CAB Subject: conflict. Other Subject: wilderness visitor characteristics. Other Subject: hikers. Geographic: california. Geographic: indiana.

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Watzman-Haim
Record 2 of 7 - AUSTGUIDE 30 June 1998
TI: Horse trading on Mount Carmel
AU: Watzman-Haim
JT: New-Scientist
CI: 3 February 1996 (v.149 n.2015)
PG: 53
AB: Arab Israelis on Mount Carmel have formed tiny enclaves of artistic communities in spite of the tensions around them. A proposal by the Israeli government to grant the communities a small plot of land has been opposed by conservationists who say it will set a dangerous precedent for Israel's parks and nature reserves.
[Photograph].
DE: NATIONAL-PARKS-AND-RESERVES-ISRAEL
PY: 1996
PD: 199602
IS: 1032-1233

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Wells-Grahame
Record 6 of 16 - AUSTROM:APAIS (Public Affairs)
I: Kosciusko National Park under attack. -Based on a submission by the National Parks Association of New South Wales to the New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service-
AU: WELLS-Grahame
SO: National Parks Journal, v.31, no.6, Dec 1987: 11-21
DEMJ: Parks-
DEMN: Recreational-facilities; Environmental-impact; Wilderness-areas
ID: Kosciusko National Park Plan of Management; Ski resorts; Horse riding
COLL: illus., bibl., map
DI: 8805
DN: A88057315

Also Record 14 of 24 - AUSTROM:ATI (Tourism)
AB: Summarises the National Parks Association submission to the Kosciusko National Park plan of management draft amendments arguing for protection from horse riding and other recreational activities which may damage the environment.
ABI: Yes
DE: National-park; Administration-; Planning-; Conservation-; Horseback-riding;
ID: Kosciusko National Park, New South Wales
NT: 30 references
PT: Journal-article; Intermediate;
DN: 25534

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Western-Australia Department-of-Conservation-and-Land-Management; Western-Australia National-Parks-and-Nature-Conservation-Authority
Record 11 of 57 - H&E:HERA (Australia's heritage)
TI: Yalgorup National Park: analysis of public submissions
AU: Western-Australia Department-of-Conservation-and-Land-Management; Western-Australia National-Parks-and-Nature-Conservation-Authority
SO: Como WA, CALM, 1995 : 55p
PY: 1995
DT: Report-;
AB: Submissions included recommendations to oppose mining within or adjacent to the park, and the addition of a ranger to ensure four wheel drives and trail bike riders are aware of park restrictions. Six submissions were opposed to permitting horse riding in the park. Brochures and pamphlets should be available to the public in local government offices, libraries and shops. (Au, HA)
LO: Yalgorup National Park WA
AR: Western-Australia;
MR: SI5002 ; 2032
CC: 1110 ; 0503
DEMJ: National-parks; Mines-and-mining; Recreation-and-leisure; Horses-;
INP: HA/WCLM
DN: B952339

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Western-Australia Department-of-Conservation-and-Land-Management; Western-Australia National-Parks-and-Nature-Conservation-Authority
Record 12 of 57 - H&E:HERA (Australia's heritage)
TI: Yalgorup National Park management plan 1995-2005
AU: Western-Australia Department-of-Conservation-and-Land-Management; Western-Australia National-Parks-and-Nature-Conservation-Authority
SO: Como WA, CALM, 1995 : viii, 101p; maps
PY: 1995
DT: Report-;
AB: The Yalgorup lakes area is recognised under the Ramsar convention as a wetland of international importance. The lakes also contain living stromatolites and thrombolites. The Park has high conservation, scientific and educational values. Increasing pressure from surrounding development, increasing visitor numbers and the park's narrow shape make it difficult to manage for conservation. Management issues include weed intrusion and feral animals. Horse riding in the park is a key issue. A bridle trail is planned to give riders access to the beach while avoiding damage to the park's environment. Recreational and land use activities are restricted in the Yalgorup Park catchment to those that will not increase the present concentration of nutrients in the lake system. (Au, HA)
LO: Yalgorup National Park WA
AR: Western-Australia;
MR: SI5002 ; 2032
CC: 1110 ; 1108 ; 0601
DEMJ: National-parks; Wetlands-; Stromatolites-; Recreation-and-leisure;
INP: HA/WCLM
DN: B952338

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Why wilderness? Colong bulletin, July 1996 pages 6 - 7.

Defines wilderness with the environmental significance of wildlife, soil retention, greenhouse effect, medical properties of plants, recreation and tourism potential. The reservation of areas in which bushwalking can be enjoyed is in itself an adequate reason for wilderness preservation. The value of lands reserved for football and cricket fields, golf courses, tennis courts runs into billions of dollars. A Daily Telegraph survey established that bushwalking is the second most popular sport. Threats to wilderness include rural and urban development, logging, burning, off road vehicles and horse riding, mining. Until recently the protection of the last substantial remnants of the natural environment has been at the bottom of the scale of land use priorities. It should now come first, not, as before, last. If it is not preserved now it never will be.

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Wong-David-T-S
Record 17 of 263 - AUSTROM:APAIS (Public Affairs)
TI: The political nature of tourism in sensitive areas
AU: WONG-David-T-S
SO: Australian Parks & Recreation, v.32, no.3, Spring 1996 : 20-23,26
DEMJ: Recreational-facilities; Ecotourism-
DEMN: Parks-; Sustainable-development; South-Australia: Industries-and-resources; Environmental-policy; Environmentalism-; Appeals-; Environmental-impact
ID: National parks; Resort development; Tandanya Wilderness Lodge; Wilpena Station Resort
COLL: illus., map
IS: 0311-8223
DI: 9703
DN: A97032827